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Appraisal of Alternate Dispute Resolution Mechanism

Huzaima Bukhari & Dr. Ikramul Haq For the first time in the history of Income Tax Law in Pakistan, Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) option was provided by inserting section 134A vide Finance Act 2004 which was aimed at extending the…

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Critique of extractive capitalism—II Surplus, wealth circulation & human development

  Dr. Ikramul Haq Modern economic systems continue to operate on a foundational assumption: accumulation drives growth. Wealth concentration is often portrayed as a necessary by-product of innovation, efficiency and productivity. Nevertheless, contemporary evidence increasingly suggests that excessive accumulation (extreme…

Critique of extractive capitalism—I Growth, inequality & insecurity

    Dr. Ikramul Haq   Modern capitalism has become extractive, concentrating wealth and generating insecurity. Traditional socialism also failed to protect individual autonomy. A humanistic economic framework is needed—one that promotes cooperation, economic security and development of human potential….

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