(Rs. in billions) YearTargetsCollectionGrowth in Collection (%)Target Achieved (%)Tax to GDP ratioRatio in total taxes (%)Indirect taxesDirect taxes1996-97286.0282.15.298.611.669.830.21997-98297.6293.64.198.711.064.935.11998-99308.0308.55.1100.210.564.335.71999-00351.7347.112.598.79.167.532.52000-01406.5392.313.096.59.368.231.82001-02414.2404.13.097.69.164.735.32002-03458.9460.614.0100.49.467.033.02003-04510520.813.1102.19.268.331.72004-05590590.413.4101.89.168.931.12005-06690713.420.8103.49.468.531.52006-07935847.218.8101.59.860.639.42007-081.0001008.118.9100.89.861.538.52008-091,1791157.014.898.18.961.838.22009-101,3801327.414.769.09.060.439.62010-111,6671587.019.695.28.861.338.72011-121952.31883.018.296.59.160.839.22012-1320071939.403.096.68.561.838.22013-1422752254.516.099.08.861.138.92014-1528102589.913.092.29.260.139.92015-163103.73112.420.2100.39.660.939.12016-1736213367.88.092.99.860.139.92017-1840133842.114.197.610.460.040.0                         Source: State Bank/Economic Annual Surveys & FBR Year Books Table: FBR Tax Collection (2001-02 to 2017-18)(million rupees)Fiscal YearDirect TaxesSalesExciseCustomsTotal of Indirect TaxesTotal Tax CollectionIndirect tax ratioDirect tax ratio1996-978506055668552658609419702728208769.830.21997-9810318253942620117449619044929363164.935.11998-9911020772105609056529219830230850964.335.71999-00112950116711557846165923415434710467.532.52000-01124585153565490806504726769239227768.231.82001-02142,505166,56147,18647,818261,565404,07064.735.32002-03151,898195,13944,75468,836308,729460,62767.033.02003-04165,079219,16745,55291,045355,764520,84368.331.72004-05183,372238,53753,104115,374407,015590,38768.931.12005-06224,988294,79855,272138,384488,454713,44268.531.52006-07333,737309,39671,804132,299513,499847,23660.639.42007-08387,862377,43092,137150,663620,2301,008,09261.538.52008-09443,548451,744117,455148,403717,6021,161,15061.838.22009-10525,977516,348124,784160,273801,4051,327,38260.439.62010-11602,451633,357137,353184,853955,5631,558,01461.338.72011-12738,822804,846122,460216,8981,144,2041,883,02660.839.22012-13743,410842,525120,922239,4591,202,9061,946,31661.838.22013-14877,274996,100138,064242,7991,376,9632,254,23761.138.92014-151,033,7201,087,790162,248306,2201,556,2582,589,97860.139.92015-161,217,4741,302,371188,055404,5721,894,9983,112,47260.939.12016-171,344,2261,328,965197,911496,7722,023,6483,367,87460.139.92017-181,536,6381,491,297205,877608,3242,305,4983,842,13660.040.0 Source: http://www.sbp.org.pk/ecodata/tax.pdfRead More

Opportunities & Challenges Huzaima Bukhari & Dr. Ikramul Haq The merger of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) with respective provinces, as a result of assent of President to the Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 2018 [2th Constitutional Amendment] on May 28, 2018 was undoubtedly an historic day...Read More

Huzaima Bukhari & Dr. Ikramul Haq The twenty-fifth amendment in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, officially called ‘The Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 2018’, previously named as ‘The (Thirty-first Amendment) Act, 2018’, was passed by the National Assembly (May 24, 2018) and by Senate (May 25, 2018) as well as endorsement by the Khyber...Read More

Superior CourtsPendencyInstitution during the periodDisposal during the periodBalanceSupreme Court of Pakistan40,8719881,63740,243Federal Shariat Court500684422 Name of CourtsOld Cases Filed upto31-12-2011New Cases Filed from 1-1-2012Old + New(Grand Total)High CourtsPendDispBalPendInstDispBalPendInstDispBalLahore High Court10,30024310,057151,17214,70510,419155,458161,47214,70510,662165,515High Court of Sindh16,25426815,99376,8963,0233,74576,17693,1503,0234,01392,169Peshawar High Court3,426273,39926,2791,1921,24626,22529,7051,1921,27329,624High Court of Balochistan306112956,5493423446,5476,8553423556,842Islamabad High Court1,403241,37715,41281857715,70816,81581860117,085Total (High Courts)31,68957331,121276,30820,08016,331280,114307,99720,08016,904311,235 District JudiciaryPendDispBalPendInstDispBalPendInstDispBalDistrict Judiciary, Punjab10,93817410,7831,062,104235,960214,4401,084,7591,073,042235,960214,6141,095,542District Judiciary, Sindh1,1511431,107100,23723,43523,71799,952101,38823,43523,860101,059District Judiciary, KPK40850386202,59545,30938,556209,598203,00345,30938,606209,984District Judiciary, Balochistan9659214,2034,1344,46013,87714,2994,1344,46513,969District Judiciary, Islamabad906791437,07010,71310,40637,37737,97610,71310,41338,291Total (District Judiciary)13,4993793,2821,416,209319,551291,5791,445,5631,429,708319,551291,9581,458,845Grand...Read More

The growth performance of overall manufacturing in general and large-scale manufacturing to particular has been lackluster at best in the 1990’s. After growing at an average rate of 8.2 percent in the 1980’s. The growth of large-scale manufacturing slowed to an average of 4.7 percent in the first half and further to 2.5 percent in...Read More

By Dr. Ikramul Haq* I.          INTRODUCTION The imposition of sales tax in Pakistan is not new. It has its origin in pre-partition era under the Government India Act of 1935. In recent years, the complexities have arisen in its implementation as the Federal Government, in the name of “documentation of economy”, decided to extend its...Read More

By Hassan Aslam Shad and Dr. Ikram Ul Haq Prime Minister Imran Khan’s visit to China, which concluded on 6 November, was another historic milestone in the growing geo-strategic China – Pakistan relationship.  Elimination of poverty and corruption have been on top of the PM’s priority list ever since he assumed office.  The China-Pakistan joint...Read More

By Ikramul Haq* Over the last many years, the need for tax reforms is stressed and reiterated by all quarters including the Government itself. However, each attempt in this direction during the last several decades proved to be a complete failure. The main reason for this failure is that search for rationalisation and simplification of...Read More