(Rs. in billions) YearTargetsCollectionGrowth in Collection (%)Target Achieved (%)Tax to GDP ratioRatio in total taxes (%)Indirect taxesDirect taxes1996-97286.0282.15.298.611.669.830.21997-98297.6293.64.198.711.064.935.11998-99308.0308.55.1100.210.564.335.71999-00351.7347.112.598.79.167.532.52000-01406.5392.313.096.59.368.231.82001-02414.2404.13.097.69.164.735.32002-03458.9460.614.0100.49.467.033.02003-04510520.813.1102.19.268.331.72004-05590590.413.4101.89.168.931.12005-06690713.420.8103.49.468.531.52006-07935847.218.8101.59.860.639.42007-081.0001008.118.9100.89.861.538.52008-091,1791157.014.898.18.961.838.22009-101,3801327.414.769.09.060.439.62010-111,6671587.019.695.28.861.338.72011-121952.31883.018.296.59.160.839.22012-1320071939.403.096.68.561.838.22013-1422752254.516.099.08.861.138.92014-1528102589.913.092.29.260.139.92015-163103.73112.420.2100.39.660.939.12016-1736213367.88.092.99.860.139.92017-1840133842.114.197.610.460.040.0 Source: State Bank/Economic Annual Surveys & FBR Year Books Table: FBR Tax Collection (2001-02 to 2017-18)(million rupees)Fiscal YearDirect TaxesSalesExciseCustomsTotal of Indirect TaxesTotal…
Critique of extractive capitalism—I Growth, inequality & insecurity
Dr. Ikramul Haq Modern capitalism has become extractive, concentrating wealth and generating insecurity. Traditional socialism also failed to protect individual autonomy. A humanistic economic framework is needed—one that promotes cooperation, economic security and development of human potential….
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