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بجٹ 2025: معاشی ترقی، روزگار اور نظام محصولات!

بجٹ 2025: معاشی ترقی، روزگار اور نظام محصولات! حذیمہ بخاری، ڈاکٹر اکرام الحق         پاکستان کا شمار دنیا کے کم ترین ٹیکس تناسب والے ممالک میں ہوتا ہے، جو کہ پانچ اہم کمزوریوں کی وجہ سے ہے: پیچیدگی، ایک محدود…

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Critique of extractive capitalism—II Surplus, wealth circulation & human development

  Dr. Ikramul Haq Modern economic systems continue to operate on a foundational assumption: accumulation drives growth. Wealth concentration is often portrayed as a necessary by-product of innovation, efficiency and productivity. Nevertheless, contemporary evidence increasingly suggests that excessive accumulation (extreme…

Critique of extractive capitalism—I Growth, inequality & insecurity

    Dr. Ikramul Haq   Modern capitalism has become extractive, concentrating wealth and generating insecurity. Traditional socialism also failed to protect individual autonomy. A humanistic economic framework is needed—one that promotes cooperation, economic security and development of human potential….

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