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Pakistan: Post-election Vulnerabilities

Dr. Ikramul Haq and Abdul Rauf Shakoori The delayed process of electing representatives through ballots in Pakistan finally concluded on February 8, 2024 when the nation voted for 265 National Assembly constituencies and 590 representatives for all the four provinces….

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Critique of extractive capitalism—II Surplus, wealth circulation & human development

  Dr. Ikramul Haq Modern economic systems continue to operate on a foundational assumption: accumulation drives growth. Wealth concentration is often portrayed as a necessary by-product of innovation, efficiency and productivity. Nevertheless, contemporary evidence increasingly suggests that excessive accumulation (extreme…

Critique of extractive capitalism—I Growth, inequality & insecurity

    Dr. Ikramul Haq   Modern capitalism has become extractive, concentrating wealth and generating insecurity. Traditional socialism also failed to protect individual autonomy. A humanistic economic framework is needed—one that promotes cooperation, economic security and development of human potential….

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