Articles

Budget 2025: For Nation’s Prosperity

    Dr. Ikramul Haq & Abdul Rauf Shakoori   The federal budget of Pakistan for the fiscal year (FY) 2025–26 is scheduled to be presented on June 10, 2025, following the release of Pakistan Economic Survey 2024–25 on June…

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Critique of extractive capitalism—II Surplus, wealth circulation & human development

  Dr. Ikramul Haq Modern economic systems continue to operate on a foundational assumption: accumulation drives growth. Wealth concentration is often portrayed as a necessary by-product of innovation, efficiency and productivity. Nevertheless, contemporary evidence increasingly suggests that excessive accumulation (extreme…

Critique of extractive capitalism—I Growth, inequality & insecurity

    Dr. Ikramul Haq   Modern capitalism has become extractive, concentrating wealth and generating insecurity. Traditional socialism also failed to protect individual autonomy. A humanistic economic framework is needed—one that promotes cooperation, economic security and development of human potential….

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