Benazir’s Legacy of Resistance
December 27, 2025 marks the eighteenth death anniversary of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto, the great visionary leader, who resisted with extraordinary courage the agenda of neo-colonial forces—pushing Pakistan to a theocratic State incapable of progressing towards an egalitarian and…
18th Amendment, Taxation & Cooperative Federalism
Dr. Ikramul Haq Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution, 1973, consciously embraced the ethos of cooperative federalism, wherein legislative fields are not rigid silos but at times interacting spheres—Attock Cement Pakistan Ltd v Province of Balochistan and another,…
11th NFC: Hopes, Challenges & Solutions—II
11th NFC: Hopes, Challenges & Solutions —I
Huzaima Bukhari, Dr. Ikramul Haq & Abdul Rauf Shakoori Historically, the country has been dogged by two intractable problems: civil-military imbalance and unfair distribution of resources between the federation and provinces. The former has bedevilled democracy, the latter, federalism….
تنخواہ دار طبقہ: جابرانہ ٹیکسوں کا خاتمہ کیا جائے
حزیمہ بخاری، ڈاکٹر اکرام الحق، عبدالرؤف شکوری پاکستان کی معیشت سنگین چیلنجز سے دوچار ہے، جن میں مالیاتی مسائل، صنعتی پیداوار میں کمی اور محدود ٹیکس نیٹ جیسے عوامل شامل ہیں جو عوامی خدمات کی فراہمی میں رکاوٹ بنتے…
VAO 2025: Turning uncertainty into opportunity
Tax Policy & Development Strategy—I
Tax Policy & Development Strategy—IV
Dr. Ikramul Haq The Laffer Curve indicates the effect of tax rates on government tax revenue. Briefly, the proposition of the Laffer Curve takes as its starting point the simple notion that tax revenue is zero if…
Tax Policy & Development Strategy—III
Dr. Ikramul Haq Notable expert of tax policy, Vito Tanzi has called to attention the connection between tax levels and macroeconomic policies such as exchange rate, import substitution, trade liberalization, inflation, public debt, and financial policies. He…